移动开发:树莓派开发环境构建¶
我在最初的 移动工作思考 方案中,是想采用 macOS 的 MacBook Pro来实现的: 我从2011年自费购买了MacBook Air 11" 就一直使用 Apple Atlas 家的系列产品,确实是非常成熟的软硬件融合的生态。不过,2022年3月,魔都一个多月疫情封闭在家,我开始折腾 树莓派Raspberry Pi 400 运行 sway - i3兼容Wayland compositor (基于 wayland显示服务器协议 的平铺式窗口管理器),意外发现 wayland+sway
居然能够充分释放 Raspberry Pi Atlas 的性能,这触发我思考用日常 Linux桌面 来完成所有开发运维,磨炼技术的方案。
Raspberry Pi OS¶
我在 Raspberry Pi Atlas 上使用过多种Linux发行版:
不过,上述第三方Linux for Raspberry Pi Atlas 各自有一些限制,对于充分发挥树莓派性能以及特有功能存在不足。所以最终,作为图形桌面,我还是回归到树莓派官方提供的 Raspberry Pi OS
:
官方
Raspberry Pi OS
提供了针对树莓派硬件配置的raspi-config
工具,可以非常方便调整系统设置官方
Raspberry Pi OS
升级包含了firmware升级,可以为系统带来更多改进出现和树莓派硬件相关的问题更容易找到参考资料
安装Raspberry Pi OS¶
安装过程结合了:
切换用户默认SHELL到 Zsh
修订时区:
cd /etc
sudo unlink localtime
sudo ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai localtime
更新系统:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
字符集配置UTF-8:
echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" | sudo tee /etc/locale.gen
localegen
安装中文字体:
sudo apt install fonts-wqy-microhei -y
安装 sway - i3兼容Wayland compositor 图形管理器:
sudo apt install sway wofi
修订
~/.zshrc
添加以下内容方便自动启动sway
:
if [ -z $DISPLAY ] && [ "$(tty)" = "/dev/tty1" ]; then
exec sway
fi
创建
sway
个人定制配置文件~/.config/sway/config
:
# Default config for sway
#
# Copy this to ~/.config/sway/config and edit it to your liking.
#
# Read `man 5 sway` for a complete reference.
### Variables
#
# Logo key. Use Mod1 for Alt.
# 我尝试过使用 Alt ,但是有些应用默认内置了 Alt 作为快捷键,可能会有冲突
set $mod Mod4
# Home row direction keys, like vim
# 结合 $mod + 移动键可以快速在4个方向上移动聚焦窗口
set $left h
set $down j
set $up k
set $right l
# Your preferred terminal emulator
# 将默认foot终端修改成qtermianl可以支持fcitx中文输入
#set $term foot
set $term qterminal
# Your preferred application launcher
# Note: pass the final command to swaymsg so that the resulting window can be opened
# on the original workspace that the command was run on.
set $menu dmenu_path | dmenu | xargs swaymsg exec --
include /etc/sway/config-vars.d/*
### Output configuration
#
# Default wallpaper (more resolutions are available in /usr/share/backgrounds/sway/)
output * bg /usr/share/backgrounds/sway/Sway_Wallpaper_Blue_1920x1080.png fill
#
# Example configuration:
#
# output HDMI-A-1 resolution 1920x1080 position 1920,0
#
# You can get the names of your outputs by running: swaymsg -t get_outputs
### Idle configuration
#
# Example configuration:
#
# exec swayidle -w \
# timeout 300 'swaylock -f -c 000000' \
# timeout 600 'swaymsg "output * dpms off"' resume 'swaymsg "output * dpms on"' \
# before-sleep 'swaylock -f -c 000000'
#
# This will lock your screen after 300 seconds of inactivity, then turn off
# your displays after another 300 seconds, and turn your screens back on when
# resumed. It will also lock your screen before your computer goes to sleep.
exec_always fcitx5 -d --replace
### Input configuration
#
# Example configuration:
#
# input "2:14:SynPS/2_Synaptics_TouchPad" {
# dwt enabled
# tap enabled
# natural_scroll enabled
# middle_emulation enabled
# }
#
# You can get the names of your inputs by running: swaymsg -t get_inputs
# Read `man 5 sway-input` for more information about this section.
### Key bindings
#
# Basics:
#
# Start a terminal
bindsym $mod+Return exec $term
# Start chromium with wayland
bindsym $mod+o exec chromium --enable-features=UseOzonePlatform --ozone-platform=wayland --proxy-server="http://192.168.10.9:3128"
# Start firefox
bindsym $mod+i exec firefox
# Kill focused window
bindsym $mod+Shift+q kill
# Start your launcher
bindsym $mod+d exec $menu
# Drag floating windows by holding down $mod and left mouse button.
# Resize them with right mouse button + $mod.
# Despite the name, also works for non-floating windows.
# Change normal to inverse to use left mouse button for resizing and right
# mouse button for dragging.
floating_modifier $mod normal
# Reload the configuration file
bindsym $mod+Shift+c reload
# Exit sway (logs you out of your Wayland session)
bindsym $mod+Shift+e exec swaynag -t warning -m 'You pressed the exit shortcut. Do you really want to exit sway? This will end your Wayland session.' -B 'Yes, exit sway' 'swaymsg exit'
#
# Moving around:
#
# Move your focus around
bindsym $mod+$left focus left
bindsym $mod+$down focus down
bindsym $mod+$up focus up
bindsym $mod+$right focus right
# Or use $mod+[up|down|left|right]
bindsym $mod+Left focus left
bindsym $mod+Down focus down
bindsym $mod+Up focus up
bindsym $mod+Right focus right
# Move the focused window with the same, but add Shift
bindsym $mod+Shift+$left move left
bindsym $mod+Shift+$down move down
bindsym $mod+Shift+$up move up
bindsym $mod+Shift+$right move right
# Ditto, with arrow keys
bindsym $mod+Shift+Left move left
bindsym $mod+Shift+Down move down
bindsym $mod+Shift+Up move up
bindsym $mod+Shift+Right move right
#
# Workspaces:
#
# Switch to workspace
bindsym $mod+1 workspace number 1
bindsym $mod+2 workspace number 2
bindsym $mod+3 workspace number 3
bindsym $mod+4 workspace number 4
bindsym $mod+5 workspace number 5
bindsym $mod+6 workspace number 6
bindsym $mod+7 workspace number 7
bindsym $mod+8 workspace number 8
bindsym $mod+9 workspace number 9
bindsym $mod+0 workspace number 10
# Move focused container to workspace
bindsym $mod+Shift+1 move container to workspace number 1
bindsym $mod+Shift+2 move container to workspace number 2
bindsym $mod+Shift+3 move container to workspace number 3
bindsym $mod+Shift+4 move container to workspace number 4
bindsym $mod+Shift+5 move container to workspace number 5
bindsym $mod+Shift+6 move container to workspace number 6
bindsym $mod+Shift+7 move container to workspace number 7
bindsym $mod+Shift+8 move container to workspace number 8
bindsym $mod+Shift+9 move container to workspace number 9
bindsym $mod+Shift+0 move container to workspace number 10
# Note: workspaces can have any name you want, not just numbers.
# We just use 1-10 as the default.
#
# Layout stuff:
#
# You can "split" the current object of your focus with
# $mod+b or $mod+v, for horizontal and vertical splits
# respectively.
bindsym $mod+b splith
bindsym $mod+v splitv
# Switch the current container between different layout styles
bindsym $mod+s layout stacking
bindsym $mod+w layout tabbed
bindsym $mod+e layout toggle split
# Make the current focus fullscreen
bindsym $mod+f fullscreen
# Toggle the current focus between tiling and floating mode
bindsym $mod+Shift+space floating toggle
# Swap focus between the tiling area and the floating area
bindsym $mod+space focus mode_toggle
# Move focus to the parent container
bindsym $mod+a focus parent
#
# Scratchpad:
#
# Sway has a "scratchpad", which is a bag of holding for windows.
# You can send windows there and get them back later.
# Move the currently focused window to the scratchpad
bindsym $mod+Shift+minus move scratchpad
# Show the next scratchpad window or hide the focused scratchpad window.
# If there are multiple scratchpad windows, this command cycles through them.
bindsym $mod+minus scratchpad show
#
# Resizing containers:
#
mode "resize" {
# left will shrink the containers width
# right will grow the containers width
# up will shrink the containers height
# down will grow the containers height
bindsym $left resize shrink width 10px
bindsym $down resize grow height 10px
bindsym $up resize shrink height 10px
bindsym $right resize grow width 10px
# Ditto, with arrow keys
bindsym Left resize shrink width 10px
bindsym Down resize grow height 10px
bindsym Up resize shrink height 10px
bindsym Right resize grow width 10px
# Return to default mode
bindsym Return mode "default"
bindsym Escape mode "default"
}
bindsym $mod+r mode "resize"
#
# Status Bar:
#
# Read `man 5 sway-bar` for more information about this section.
bar {
position top
# When the status_command prints a new line to stdout, swaybar updates.
# The default just shows the current date and time.
status_command while date +'%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S %p'; do sleep 1; done
colors {
statusline #ffffff
background #323232
inactive_workspace #32323200 #32323200 #5c5c5c
}
}
include /etc/sway/config.d/*
配置
/etc/environment
添加以下环境变量适配QT5应用:
QT_QPA_PLATFORM=wayland
安装中文输入法:
sudo apt install fcitx5 fcitx5-chinese-addons
配置
/etc/environment
:
GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx
XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx
INPUT_METHOD=fcitx
SDL_IM_MODULE=fcitx
GLFW_IM_MODULE=ibus
安装应用软件:
sudo apt install git vim-nox mpd ncmpc \
qterminal falkon keepassx \
-y
重新登陆后自动进入 sway - i3兼容Wayland compositor
在
sway
环境中,直接Mod4+return
启动终端,然后执行fcitx5-configtool
进行配置,完成配置后退出重新登陆即可输入中文
开发环境¶
采用 我的vim配置 部署开发环境
基于 Ultimate vimrc 定制
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/amix/vimrc.git ~/.vim_runtime
sh ~/.vim_runtime/install_awesome_vimrc.sh
配置
~/.vim_runtime/my_configs.vim
:
" 行号和配色
"
set nu rnu
set background=dark
colorscheme dracula
" 自动缩进
"
filetype indent on
set ai
set si
" 折叠
"
set foldmethod=syntax
set foldlevelstart=99
我的vim配置 基础依赖安装:
sudo apt install build-essential cmake vim-nox python3-dev -y
安装Rust:
curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh -s -- --profile default
source $HOME/.cargo/env
安装 Go Atlas / Node.js Atlas :
sudo apt install golang nodejs npm -y
配置 配置Go程序代理服务器 :
alias go='http_proxy=192.168.7.9:3128 go'
配置 配置npm代理 :
alias npm='npm --proxy http_proxy=192.168.7.9:3128'
按需编译YouCompleteMe:
git submodule update --init --recursive
python3 install.py --clangd-completer --go-completer \
--ts-completer --rust-completer
现在,一切就绪,使用 vim
可以开始进行开发学习