Linux系统硬件信息检测工具hwinfo¶
我们在排查系统问题时，很多时候需要确认服务器硬件信息。我发现 hwinfo 工具能够提供有序组织的硬件系统，对于问题排查，以及为客户提供运维服务时采集需要排查问题的服务器信息非常有用。
hwinfo 使用 libhd.so 系统库来搜集所有硬件的详细信息，例如BIOS, CPU, 架构, 内存, 硬盘, 分区, 摄像头, 蓝牙, CD/DVD, 键盘鼠标, 图形卡, 显示器, Modem, 扫描仪, 打印机, PCI, IDE, SCSI, 声卡, 网卡, USB 等等…
安装¶
Fedoa:
sudo dnf install hwinfo
CentOS(需要激活EPEL):
sudo dnf install epel-release sudo yum install hwinfo
debian/ubuntu:
sudo apt install hwinfo
openSUSE:
sudo zypper install hwinfo
使用¶
可以不使用任何参数来使用
hwinfo命令:sudo hwinfo
或者:
sudo hwinfo --all
输出信息类似如下:
...
Processor Info: #3
Socket: "Proc 1"
Socket Type: 0x2b (Other)
Socket Status: Populated
Type: 0x03 (CPU)
Family: 0xb3 (Xeon)
Manufacturer: "Intel(R) Corporation"
Version: "Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2670 v3 @ 2.30GHz"
Asset Tag: "UNKNOWN"
Processor ID: 0xbfebfbff000306f2
Status: 0x01 (Enabled)
Voltage: 1.6 V
External Clock: 100 MHz
Max. Speed: 4000 MHz
Current Speed: 2300 MHz
L2 Cache: #1
L3 Cache: #2
...
上述硬件信息输出非常繁多，有可能过于庞杂，所以也有一个简单输出方式，使用参数 --short
sudo hwinfo --short
输出类似:
cpu:
Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2670 v3 @ 2.30GHz, 1200 MHz
Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2670 v3 @ 2.30GHz, 1200 MHz
...
使用hwinfo显示特定设备信息¶
检查CPU的相信信息:
sudo hwinfo --cpu
显示输出非常详细的CPU规格:
01: None 00.0: 10103 CPU
[Created at cpu.465]
Unique ID: rdCR.j8NaKXDZtZ6
Hardware Class: cpu
Arch: X86-64
Vendor: "GenuineIntel"
Model: 6.63.2 "Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2670 v3 @ 2.30GHz"
Features: fpu,vme,de,pse,tsc,msr,pae,mce,cx8,apic,sep,mtrr,pge,mca,cmov,pat,pse36,clflush,dts,acpi,mmx,fxsr,sse,sse2,ss,ht,tm,pbe,syscall,nx,pdpe1gb,rdtscp,lm,constant_tsc,arch_perfmon,pebs,bts,rep_good,nopl,xtopology,nonstop_tsc,cpuid,aperfmperf,pni,pclmulqdq,dtes64,monitor,ds_cpl,vmx,smx,est,tm2,ssse3,sdbg,fma,cx16,xtpr,pdcm,pcid,dca,sse4_1,sse4_2,x2apic,movbe,popcnt,tsc_deadline_timer,xsave,avx,f16c,rdrand,lahf_lm,abm,cpuid_fault,epb,invpcid_single,pti,intel_ppin,ssbd,ibrs,ibpb,stibp,tpr_shadow,vnmi,flexpriority,ept,vpid,ept_ad,fsgsbase,tsc_adjust,bmi1,avx2,smep,bmi2,erms,invpcid,cqm,xsaveopt,cqm_llc,cqm_occup_llc,dtherm,ida,arat,pln,pts,md_clear,flush_l1d
Clock: 1200 MHz
BogoMips: 4594.71
Cache: 30720 kb
Units/Processor: 32
Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown
02: None 01.0: 10103 CPU
[Created at cpu.465]
...
同样也有简略输出CPU信息参数
--shortsudo hwinfo --short --cpu
输出类似:
cpu:
Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2670 v3 @ 2.30GHz, 1200 MHz
...
使用hwinfo显示系统架构¶
系统架构:
sudo hwinfo --arch
显示输出:
Arch: X86_64/grub
使用hwinfo显示内存详情¶
内存信息详情:
sudo hwinfo --memory
输出:
219: PCI 00.0: 10600 Disk
[Created at block.245]
Unique ID: wLCS.G8APaIbKzK8
Parent ID: GBI1.Cm975qxIKm7
SysFS ID: /class/block/nvme0n1
SysFS BusID: nvme0
SysFS Device Link: /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0/0000:08:00.0/nvme/nvme0
Hardware Class: disk
Model: "Samsung Electronics Disk"
Vendor: pci 0x144d "Samsung Electronics Co Ltd"
Device: pci 0xa80a
SubVendor: pci 0x144d "Samsung Electronics Co Ltd"
SubDevice: pci 0xa801
Driver: "nvme"
Driver Modules: "nvme"
Device File: /dev/nvme0n1
Device Files: /dev/nvme0n1, /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-eui.002538b911b37f97, /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-SAMSUNG_MZVL21T0HCLR-00B00_S676NF0R908202, /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:08:00.0-nvme-1
Device Number: block 259:1
Geometry (Logical): CHS 976762/64/32
Size: 2000409264 sectors a 512 bytes
Capacity: 953 GB (1024209543168 bytes)
Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown
Attached to: #57 (Non-Volatile memory controller)
220: IDE 300.0: 10600 Disk
[Created at block.245]
Unique ID: Rw8Y.3l_0qag+TnC
Parent ID: w7Y8.AWGP+VY_LGA
SysFS ID: /class/block/sdd
SysFS BusID: 3:0:0:0
SysFS Device Link: /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata4/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0
Hardware Class: disk
Model: "ST9500325AS"
Device: "ST9500325AS"
Revision: "BSM1"
Serial ID: "5VE7X2Q7"
Driver: "ahci", "sd"
Driver Modules: "ahci"
Device File: /dev/sdd
Device Files: /dev/sdd, /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0ATA_ST9500325AS_5VE7X2Q7, /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.2-ata-4, /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST9500325AS_5VE7X2Q7, /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000c5001eae2511, /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-35000c5001eae2511, /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_ST9500325AS_5VE7X2Q7, /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-1ATA_ST9500325AS_5VE7X2Q7
Device Number: block 8:48-8:63
Geometry (Logical): CHS 60801/255/63
Size: 976773168 sectors a 512 bytes
Capacity: 465 GB (500107862016 bytes)
Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown
Attached to: #7 (SATA controller)
...
使用hwinfo显示分区详情¶
可以显示硬盘的分区详情:
sudo hwinfo --partition
输出信息:
221: None 00.0: 11300 Partition
[Created at block.434]
Unique ID: r_Ra.SE1wIdpsiiC
Parent ID: Rw8Y.3l_0qag+TnC
SysFS ID: /class/block/sdd/sdd1
Hardware Class: partition
Model: "Partition"
Device File: /dev/sdd1
Device Files: /dev/sdd1, /dev/disk/by-partuuid/1a99ca08-01, /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST9500325AS_5VE7X2Q7-part1, /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0ATA_ST9500325AS_5VE7X2Q7-part1, /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-1ATA_ST9500325AS_5VE7X2Q7-part1, /dev/disk/by-uuid/47D1-C570, /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_ST9500325AS_5VE7X2Q7-part1, /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000c5001eae2511-part1, /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-35000c5001eae2511-part1, /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.2-ata-4-part1
Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown
Attached to: #220 (Disk)
...
使用hwinfo显示网卡详情¶
显示网卡的详情:
sudo hwinfo --network
输出信息:
226: None 00.0: 10701 Ethernet
[Created at net.126]
Unique ID: 7iXG.ndpeucax6V1
SysFS ID: /class/net/docker0
Hardware Class: network interface
Model: "Ethernet network interface"
Driver: "bridge"
Device File: docker0
HW Address: 02:42:ee:c3:89:a7
Link detected: no
Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown
227: None 02.0: 10701 Ethernet
[Created at net.126]
Unique ID: QTdc.ndpeucax6V1
Parent ID: NotL.uEyeapd4E5E
SysFS ID: /class/net/eno2
SysFS Device Link: /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.4/0000:02:00.1
Hardware Class: network interface
Model: "Ethernet network interface"
Driver: "tg3"
Driver Modules: "tg3"
Device File: eno2
HW Address: 94:57:a5:5a:d9:c1
Permanent HW Address: 94:57:a5:5a:d9:c1
Link detected: no
Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown
Attached to: #137 (Ethernet controller)
228: None 34.0: 10701 Ethernet
[Created at net.126]
Unique ID: xzGl.ndpeucax6V1
Parent ID: jbuf.tw96BiMW4x1
SysFS ID: /class/net/eno52
SysFS Device Link: /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.2/0000:04:00.3
Hardware Class: network interface
Model: "Ethernet network interface"
Driver: "igb"
Driver Modules: "igb"
Device File: eno52
HW Address: 5c:b9:01:89:26:7b
Permanent HW Address: 5c:b9:01:89:26:7b
Link detected: no
Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown
Attached to: #54 (Ethernet controller)
...
使用hwinfo显示BIOS详情¶
显示BIOS详情:
sudo hwinfo --bios
输出信息:
01: None 00.0: 10105 BIOS
[Created at bios.186]
Unique ID: rdCR.lZF+r4EgHp4
Hardware Class: bios
BIOS Keyboard LED Status:
Scroll Lock: off
Num Lock: off
Caps Lock: off
SMBIOS Version: 2.8
Cache Info: #0
Designation: "L1-Cache"
Level: L1
State: Enabled
Mode: 0x01 (Write Back)
Location: 0x00 (Internal, Not Socketed)
ECC: 0x05 (Single-bit)
Type: 0x05 (Unified)
Associativity: 0x07 (8-way Set-Associative)
Max. Size: 768 kB
Current Size: 768 kB
Supported SRAM Types: 0x0020 (Synchronous)
Current SRAM Type: 0x0020 (Synchronous)
Cache Info: #1
Designation: "L2-Cache"
Level: L2
State: Enabled
Mode: 0x02 (Varies with Memory Address)
Location: 0x00 (Internal, Not Socketed)
ECC: 0x05 (Single-bit)
Type: 0x05 (Unified)
Associativity: 0x07 (8-way Set-Associative)
Max. Size: 3072 kB
Current Size: 3072 kB
Supported SRAM Types: 0x0020 (Synchronous)
Current SRAM Type: 0x0020 (Synchronous)
Cache Info: #2
Designation: "L3-Cache"
Level: L3
State: Enabled
Mode: 0x02 (Varies with Memory Address)
Location: 0x00 (Internal, Not Socketed)
ECC: 0x05 (Single-bit)
Type: 0x05 (Unified)
Associativity: 0x0e (Other)
Max. Size: 30720 kB
Current Size: 30720 kB
Supported SRAM Types: 0x0020 (Synchronous)
Current SRAM Type: 0x0020 (Synchronous)
Processor Info: #3
Socket: "Proc 1"
Socket Type: 0x2b (Other)
Socket Status: Populated
Type: 0x03 (CPU)
Family: 0xb3 (Xeon)
Manufacturer: "Intel(R) Corporation"
Version: "Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2670 v3 @ 2.30GHz"
Asset Tag: "UNKNOWN"
Processor ID: 0xbfebfbff000306f2
...
备注
hwinfo 可以侦测所有其他硬件内容
输出硬件信息到文件¶
hwinfo 可以用来输出完整的系统硬件报告，也可以记录到文件中用于进一步排查和分析:
sudo hwinfo --all --log hardwareinfo.txt
或者:
sudo hwinfo --all > hardwareinfo.txt